Monday, 29 July 2019

Renaissance age and others age

           Comparison of Elizabethan age with other ages of literature :


                           :Lierature:


              All art is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty......
                                                      W. J. Long

                Elizabethan age - the age of  Renaissance:


         Renaissance means rebirth or reawakening from darkness. In England the Renaissance takes place from the 14th century to the 17th century. The Renaissance promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy , literature and art.


The Renaissance age with the Puritan age :~


           The Elizabethan age also known as the Renaissance age. This age begun during 1558 and end up with the year 1603. In this age the Queen was Elizabeth. 
            Where the Puritan age begun during 1625 to 1660. After James 1 death. The age is also known as the age of Milton.

Comparison:

           The Elizabethan age governed by queen Elizabeth , who was gave freedom to her kingdom and her people to do anything as they like. She first saw her nation's welfare . But in the Puritan age under the Stuart's all these were changed . The kings were open enemies of the people.


Literature:~

             The literature of Elizabethan age is inspiring . The literature is for youth . The age produced so many romantic writer. And produced romantic literature , where as in the Puritan age the lyrics and love poems takes intellectual place. In Puritan age poets believes in spirit rather than romanticism.

              In the Puritan age there were no unity spirit in literature but Elizabethan literature has the unity spirit in its literature.


Writers from both ages:


             
             Both ages produced fabulous writers but the writers of Elizabethan age were more famous--

      ~ ELIZABETHAN AGE WRITERS~

       - William Shakespeare
       - Christopher Marlow
       - Frances Bacon
       - Edmund spenser


     ~ PURITAN AGE ~

       - John Milton 
       - Frances Bacon
       - John Bunyan
       

               So we can say that both ages different from each other.


 Elizabethan age with Victorian age:


               Victorian era begin during 1837 and end up with the year 1901 , the reign of queen Victoria. And therefore the age is known as Victorian age and also known as the age of Milton. 

Literature~

                

         
                 Both age have different kind of literature . The Elizabethan age is know for the age of drama. And at this time prose and fiction didn't exist. 

                 The Victorian era introduced the prose, fiction and poetry to the literature. 

                  
                  The Elizabethan age is the age of class people. And the literature only high educated people can read. But the Victorian era, it is the era for ordinary man. The age of poverty and working class.

 BACKGROUND OF DRAMA AND PROSE~

                 In the Elizabethan age the background mainly based on high class people and kingdom. But in the Victorian era the background based on ordinary people.


 THE LANGUAGE~


               In the Elizabethan era the use of language was little hard and comman or ordinary people can't not read that literature . But in the Victorian era the literature is also written for working class , so ordinary people can easily read the literature.

        A brief introduction of John Marston.


                  JOHN MARSTON

        John Marston was an English poet and playwright.

     BORN - 7 October { baptised - a Christian ritual} 

     DIED -.  25  June , 1634.


  EARLY LIFE.....


                 He was born at Warrington , Oxfordshire. His father was a lowyer. He received his B.A. degree from Brasenose College, Oxford in 1592. He married with Mary Wilkes in 1605.
                   

   WORKS---

               He published THE METAMORPHOSIS OF PIGMALION'S image and certaine satyres , a book of poetry in 1598.




                 In September 1599, he bagan to work for Philip Henslowe as a playwright. His other works.......

       - Histriomastix 

       - Antonio and Mellida

       - Jack Drum's Entertainment.



Thursday, 18 July 2019

Nishtha Makwana


Thinking Activity

                     
            Here I am presenting my views on some of the questions given by Professor Dilip Barad


                  Aristotle and Plato's objection

Q.1  How far do you agree with plato's objection to freedom of expression and artistic liberty enjoyed by creative writers ?

                     

                  I am not totally agree with plato's objection because every creative writers have the right to write freely and fictionalized any work of arts. because if they include facts in their writings,
the work will become history rather than fiction.
                         
                 But some of the creative writers use this freedom of expression in such a mythical and wrong way. like we can see so many serials and movies which include some mythical elements and sexual scene to gain popularity. And also some books lead the people\audience in such a wrong way.
                        
                 For example 'NAZAR' is an indian supernatural television series airs on starplus. This serial would be banned because it's provoke the audience to believe in such a supernatural things. Here we have a picture :

               
                         
                   In the serial there are characters like witches and divine. And also shows that dayan's(witchy) power is her long plaited hair, she is described as having long and monstrous black nail and feet that face backword. so these all things show on the T.V that is spread a message to believe in superstition. 

Q.2 With reference to the literary texts you have studied during B.A program, write brief note on the texts which followed Aristotelian literary tradition.

                           
                     Yes, I have studied William Shakespear's  'Othelo' during my B.A. program as a Aristotelian tragedy.


                             

                      Shakespeare appears to present Othello as tragic hero, exposing his tragic flaw, which consequently leads to his dawnfall. we can find the catharsis at the end of the drama, when Othello killed Desdemona and there after realized that he has been deceived by Iago and his wife was truly faithful. and this led him to his death. We can also find Hamartia. His hamartia include jealousy, a blind and unrealistic love for Desdemona, trusting others easily and his unrealized ability to deceive himself.

Q.3 With reference to the literary texts you have studies during B.A. program, which didn't follow Aristotelian literary tradition.

                      In B.A. I have studied 'Hairy Ape' by Eugene O'Neill, which is a modern tragedy and doesn't follow the Aristotelian literary tradition. 


                                   
                       The protagonist Yank is not a man of high position like Oedipus. he is a common ordinary humble stoker in a ship. So here we can see the element of modern tragedy. He doesn't have any tragic flow but he has to struggle against the society. He met to his death by the class difference. So, this is not an Aristotelian tragedy.

Q.4 Have you studied any tragedies during B.A. program? who was/were the tragic protagonist/s in those tragedies ? What was their 'hamartia'?

                                 
                        Yes, I have studied many tragedies during my B.A. program. And these are :

                          ~ All My Sons
                          ~ Othello
                          ~ Ghashiram Kotwal

           All My Sons -
                                       
                         Joe Keller is the protagonist of the drama. A man belongs to middle class background. His hamartia is to hide the truth of his son's death from society and his younger son. And his madness towards money led him to his death.

            Othello -
                                          
                         The protagonist is Othello of this tragic drama by William Shakespeare. His hamartia is his unrealistic love for Desdemona. And trusting easily to others.

             * Ghashiram Kotwal -
                                              
                          Ghashiram Kotwal is a tragic drama by Vijay Tendulkar. Here is the protagonist is Ghashiram Kotwal. His hamartia is his ambition to gain power and take revenge. He became blind for powers and at the last he losses everything and met to his tragic end.

               * Moby Dick -
                                      
                             Moby Dick written by Herman Melville. Here is the protagonist is Ahab. And his hamartia is sound ridiculous. He wants to take revenge from the shark and and at the end met to his death.


Q.5 Did the plot of those tragedies follow necessary rules and regulations proposed by Aristotle?



                               No, not all those tragedies follow necessary rules and regulation proposed by Aristotle. But some of the plays follow like -

                - All my sons
                - Othello